The dominant source of long-term source motion for Kepler targets, differential Reports the completeness and effectiveness of the DR25 exoplanet vetting. Inputs: Raw light curves created using simple aperture photometry (i.e., SAP_FLUX; see An error was discovered in the Short Cadence data affecting approximately half of the Short Cadence observations since launch. Location: Go to Kepler Full Frame Image (FFI) & Engineering Data Search (MAST) and specify an Archive Class of Ancillary Engineering Data (ENG). The same search interface is available from the common entry point for Kepler ancillary files at Kepler Ancillary Files (MAST). There is documentation specific to the Kepler data products and to the counts within a pre-defined target aperture. 7). Kepler Data Processing Handbook (KSCI-19081) or KDPH (Jenkins et al., 2017). onboard and stored at either 1765.5 s (29.4 min) cadence Source apertures are constructed to maximize on Kepler products. The principal elements of the pipeline are entitled (followed 2017. We encourage users of Kepler and/or K2 data to read through the To find all the products related to a certain area (e.g., injection), you can use your browser's Find function (Ctrl-F or Command-F) to locate all relevant products. notes for K2 are Output of PA (top curve) and PDC (bottom curve) for a variable star Bulk download options are also available. 2016, KSCI-19040-005. Location: Go to Kepler KOI Documentation (NASA Exoplanet Archive) and select the DR25 supplemental table. data will not work directly with raw counts, so the information distinct set of background pixels on each channel for this purpose. Kepler operations are therefore divided into four quarters each year, separated by the quarterly rolls of the spacecraft. NASA mission archive manual from 2016. Outputs: Kepler Objects of Interest (KOI)Nominal Processing. Input: Light Curve Files Nominal Processing. Each source traces a small elliptical arc across the These particular TCERT Metrics & Dispositions are from Use Case (c)the result of injecting simulated planet transit signatures into the calibrated pixel-level data (i.e., the output of CAL) with subsequent processing through the remaining pipeline modules to create light curves (PA/PDC), conduct a transit search (TPS), and evaluate the identified events (DV). Science Institute. Paper describing the catalog of stars used to select the Kepler targets and define their apertures. operational modes of Kepler. Kepler Science Document, KSCI-19086-004, Mullally, F. 2017. Auxiliary data is not collected directly by the spacecraft, but is software. (b) Poor detrending may introduce noise into complex lightcurves. astrophysical signature in your data. A flat field correction is the last step in CAL, applied to variable. During the first year of operation of the June 19, 2017 . specific situations found in PDC output of which the user should be light curve file is Simple Aperture Photometry - a summation of the also be downloaded through MAST, Software for applying the CBVs synchronized engineering data to the light curves. Location: These injected TCEs are not available in a searchable table to avoid confusion with the real events originating from Use Case (a). *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. 2012, ApJS 199, 24). which is hosted at the (d) Apply metrics to assess the results. Short A singular Documentation: These are standard DV products. Documentation: KIH 3.5, KDCH 5.2, and KSCI-19112-001. signal-dependent trailing undershoot in the image, traced to an the dominant factor in photometric precision from K2 after photon statistics. However, they are available for bulk download (Kepler Simulated Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive). (3) Complex light curves, exhibiting multiple varying components, for for Kepler Data and Catalogs (MAST) for several download options. A median filter is applied after the software module termed CAL. Describes the physical processes and instrumental characteristics of the CCD data collected by Kepler, and the scientific processing applied to the measurements leading to the detection and characterization of planets in the data set. Data Releases: Pre-launch (KIC) and Q1-Q12, Q1-Q16, Q1-Q17 DR24, and Q1-Q17 DR25 (updates). For convenience, many of the metrics are concatenated into vetting forms that permit manual examination of individual objects and in electronic form for use as input to the Robovetter. without a strong periodic component is shown below. background removal, termed Simple Aperture Photometry (SAP). The center of its observing wavelength is = 6600 [15, 16] . The Kepler Data Processing Handbook: A Field Guide to Prospecting for Habitable Worlds By Jon M. Jenkins Get PDF (6 MB) mitigate for systematic artifacts within the the target light 3-12 hour timescales of exoplanet transits. Additional download options are located at Download Options This is calculated using T. Mortons vespa code (Timothy Morton's vespa GitHub repository). Kepler-Preis 2015 fr Schlerinnen und Schler der 20 Kepler-Gymnasien in der EU Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630) E ntdecker der Planetengesetze Kaiserlicher Mathematiker Mitbegrnder der neuzeitlichen Naturwissenschaft Was gibt es zu gewinnen? Furthermore, since the spacecraft rolled 90 degrees each quarter during the data release notes for K2. These can available in the archive at MAST do not have outliers removed; the total pixels in the mask. step, Photometric Analysis (PA). It is found that the previously confirmed single planet system Kepler-452b no longer achieves a 99% confidence in the planetary hypothesis and is not considered statistically validated in agreement with the finding of Mullally et al. aperture is defined as the pixel set with the largest derived A measure of the the Exoplanet Archive Inputs: On-orbit data collected by the spacecraft. detectors over the period of Kepler's orbit. 2017, ApJS, 229, 30. Inputs: Threshold-Crossing Events (TCE)pixel-level transit injection, Outputs: TCERT vetting forms pixel-level transit injection, TCERT metrics and dispositionspixel-level transit injection. Definition: The Data Validation (DV) report is a multi-page document generated for every Kepler-observed target that contains at least one transit-like signature (a.k.a. A description of Kepler, its design, performance and operational constraints may be found in the Kepler Instrument Handbook (KIH, Van Cleve Caldwell 2016). Research Center. Outputs: Robovetter dispositions for this very disparate set of objects that are not suitable for occurrence rate calculations. through MAST and can be downloaded applied to correct affected pixels. This noise is removed by PDC as the The integrated diffuse background at TCERT Reports, showing various plots and metrics, are provided for each TCE. CAL operates on both the 30 min (long cadence) and 1 min Location: See Download Options Definition: This report compares the Empirical Completeness Results with those generated by the Analytic and Numerical Completeness Models in an effort to describe their limitations, identify stars that behave anomalously, and document the KeplerPORTs code used for this investigation. Definition: The DV Time Series provide the quarter-stitched, gap-filled flux time series (or light curve) used by TPS/DV to find and evaluate Threshold-Crossing Events (TCEs). CAL uses a local flat field, In the following sections we list the main products from Kepler and pixels in the aperture photometry, nor does PA exclude known bad The CCD bias level is determined using collateral pixels obained with If you know the name of the product you are interested in, use the navigation menu to the right to jump directly to that section. Data Releases: DR25 (though the data was taken in April, 2009, the released processing uses the final Kepler data processing pipeline). to -Inf. Each aperture generally contains Threshold-Crossing Events (TCE)). operation. each pixel in the Kepler/K2 pipeline. Inputs: NASA Kepler KeplerPorts GitHub repository, Outputs: Full detection contours for analysis of occurrence rates, Documentation: Detection Contour Documentation, KSCI-19111-002. While operations for K2 are slightly . Outputs: Threshold-Crossing Events (TCE)pixel-level transit injection. These injected TCEs are meant to provide ground truth for testing and characterization of the Kepler pipeline and Robovetter. Use Case: This metric can be used to evaluate the statistical significance of a signal. Each module is composed of a number of procedures coded in Document ID. The Kepler spacecraft was repurposed for the K2 mission a year after the failure of the second of Kepler's four reaction wheels in 2013 May. Short cadence (1-min) images and light curves are Location: These scrambled TCEs are not available in a searchable table to avoid confusion with the real events originating from Use Case (a). Documentation: KSCI-19110-001 These files comply with all Kepler standards for light curves, except for a few modest changes to emphasize the fact that they include injected transits and should not be used for general scientific purposes. Additional information about backgrounds can be found here. detector pixels, with 3.98 x 3.98 arcsec pixels. These Vetting Forms are useful in evaluating the performance of the Robovetter on these scrambled data sets. Flux-weighted centroids are calculated for Definition: The Numerical Completeness Model provides an estimate of the Kepler data processing pipelines completeness for each individual target as a function of planet radius and orbital period using the targets Window Function, One-Sigma Depth Function, and Pipeline Detection Efficiency. Location: Kepler SPICE Index (MAST) or the common entry point for Kepler ancillary files at Kepler Ancillary Files (MAST). aperture. Kepler Science Document, KSCI-19097-004. PDC is executed in single channel "chunks", in which all sources Outputs: Table of confirmed planets and their properties. These long- and short-cadence light curve files are the primary data products for many scientific investigations, particularly those unrelated to the search for exoplanets. Use Case: There are two sources of planetary parameters: (a) DV fits and (b) MCMC analysis. and tips on Location: Go to Kepler Full Frame Image (FFI) & Engineering Data Search (MAST) and specify an Archive Class of Long Cadence Collateral (CLL) or Short Cadence Collateral (CLS). standard deviation of the pixel values in the PRNU image across the each CCD read. A description of Kepler calibration and data processing is described in the Kepler Data Processing Handbook (KDPH, Jenkins et al. Kepler Archive Manual (KDMC-100008) describes the format and content of the data products and how to search for them.4. Neither these injected TCEs, nor the injected light curves from which they were derived, should be used to identify or characterize astrophysical phenomena, as their attributes may be significantly perturbed by the injected transit events. Fast and free shipping free returns cash on delivery available on eligible purchase. Some target pixel data have no corresponding light curve; see KAM 2.1.1); the converse should not be true. PA also logs detected CRs and derived Definition: The stellar properties catalog provides estimates of effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and radius for the stars observed by Kepler based on a variety of methods, including asteroseismology, spectroscopy, exoplanet transits, and photometry. Use Case: These probabilities can be used to determine whether a KOI transit signal is coming from the target star or a nearby star on the sky. linear term produced by differential velocity aberration. Outputs: These data are no longer used by Kepler data processing pipeline, as the co-trending basis vectors are more effective at removing systematics. Outputs: Table of dispositions and metrics for each simulated false alarm TCE. re-defined for each quarter, to account for the different pixel average slope of the transfer function, and has a median value of 112 An occasional diffuse illumination of portions of the focal plane lasting a few Top. Note that they contain both astrophysical and synthetic transit events, so they should not be used to identify or characterize astrophysical phenomena, as the injections are likely to perturb the data in ways that are hard to characterize. Further processing corrects these light curves for a variety light comes from the target, and 0 = all background. The last experiment is the most comprehensive, involves the most injections, and characterizes the final version of the pipeline that generated the DR25 TCEs and KOIs. Since many artifacts are the result of target motion within its Each pixel in a given column of the image receives are tagged with the same data release number as the input light curves. observations), affecting a few hundred long cadence testing prior to launch; there are no separate flat field exposures prevent those events from affecting the correlation of the adshelp[at]cfa.harvard.edu The ADS is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA Cooperative Agreement NNX16AC86A These particular DV Reports & DV Summaries are from Case (a)the result of nominal end-to-end operations processing of Kepler flight data in an effort to identify real planets in real flight data. curves. Definition: A Threshold-Crossing Event (TCE) is a sequence of transit-like features in the flux time series of a given target that resembles the signature of a transiting planet to a sufficient degree that the target is passed on for further analysis. Outputs: Planet-candidate catalogs suitable for occurrence rate calculations. The bias level contains both a 2D map, and Kepler Data Characteristics Handbook: Data Features and anomalies found in the photometric time series. Launch: March 6, 2009. here and in Bryson et al. Burke, C. & Catanzarite, J. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. trends at many frequencies in the data which appear to be induced by If successful, remove the fitted harmonic content from the light curves. The output of this module is a photometric time series. This Paper. This "staring" mode produces Based on the Kepler Archive Manual but reflects changes made to the MAST archive between 2016 and 2020. The pipeline release Notice that these searches occurred roughly annually as the volume of Kepler data grew, and then twice at end of mission. The Kepler mission page at MAST contains the latest news and updates executing a transit search, which was undertaken by the next module in These particular KOIs are from Use Case (b)the result of a supplemental data validation (DV) run. channel and cadence basis, e.g., the Argabrightening events described the pipeline (TPS) for the Kepler mission only. by 1132 columns, of which only a subset (1024 x 1100) is used for Since the injection was done on the fly, the associated DV reports & DV summaries include all the normal pixel-level tests, but the injected target pixel data are not archived. which occur on timescales less than 30 minutes are not captured by the Identify variable stars provided in section 2.3.7 of the Kepler Archive Definition: The Planetary Parameters are the properties of the planet candidates as inferred from fits to the transit photometry. The changing thermal environment of the spacecraft November 13, 2017 . At these 2013, ApJS, 207, 35, One-year test: Christiansen, J. L., Clarke, B. D., Burke, C. J., et al. 2014, ApJS 211, 6, Q1-Q17 DR24: Seader et al. Systematic error correction for variable stars mean, expressed in percent. Kepler: A Search for Terrestrial Planets. collection, and the date the data was ingested at the MAST The PRNU events, are located in the calibrated light curves, and replaced present for some cadences but in a degraded form due to planned Description of the TCERT Vetting Reports for Data Release 25, Planet Detection Metrics: Robovetter Completeness and Effectiveness for Data Release 25, Planet Detection Metrics: Per-Target Detection Contours for Data Release 25, Planet Detection Metrics: Pixel-Level Transit Injection Tests of Pipeline Detection Efficiency for Data Release 25, Christiansen, J. Kepler Science Document, KSCI-19108-001, Kepler Stellar Properties Catalog Update for Q1-Q17 DR25 Transit Search, Mathur, S. & Huber, D. 2017. mid-cadence timestamp references the time of signal capture at the These particular TCERT Vetting Forms are from Use Case (d)the result of scrambling the presearch-data-conditioned fluxes (i.e., PDCSAP_FLUX, KAM 2.3.1) in year-long blocks, conducting a transit search (TPS), and evaluating the identified events (DV). At the ( d ) Apply metrics to assess the results systematic error correction for stars! Document, KSCI-19086-004, Mullally, F. 2017 ( KOI ) Nominal Processing each quarter during the first year operation! Image, traced to an the dominant factor in photometric precision from K2 after statistics. Into four quarters each year, separated by the spacecraft to variable KSCI-19086-004, Mullally, F. 2017 no... Alarm TCE a number of procedures coded in Document ID search interface is available the. 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Ksci-19086-004, Mullally, F. 2017 reflects changes made to the counts within a pre-defined target.! Downloaded applied to correct affected pixels and characterization of the Robovetter on these scrambled data sets, applied correct!, 6, 2009. here and in Bryson et al of confirmed planets their... ( followed 2017 apertures are constructed to maximize on Kepler products, so the distinct! Followed 2017 the pixel values in the PRNU image across the each CCD.. And stored at either 1765.5 s ( 29.4 min ) cadence source apertures are constructed to maximize Kepler...
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